A Review of the Mycotoxin Enniatin B
نویسندگان
چکیده
Mycotoxin enniatin B (ENN B) is a secondary metabolism product by Fusarium fungi. It is a well-known antibacterial, antihelmintic, antifungal, herbicidal, and insecticidal compound. It has been found as a contaminant in several food commodities, particularly in cereal grains, co-occurring also with other mycotoxins. The primary mechanism of action of ENN B is mainly due to its ionophoric characteristics, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. In the last two decades, it has been a topic of great interest since its potent mammalian cytotoxic activity was demonstrated in several mammalian cell lines. Moreover, the co-exposure in vitro with other mycotoxins enhances its toxic potential through synergic effects, depending on the concentrations tested. Despite its clear cytotoxic effect, European Food Safety Authority stated that acute exposure to ENNs, such as ENN B, does not indicate concern for human health, but a concern might be the chronic exposure. However, given the lack of relevant toxicity data, no firm conclusion could be drawn and a risk assessment was not possible. In fact, very few studies have been carried out in vivo and, in these studies, no adverse effects were observed. So, research on toxicological effects induced by ENN B is still on-going. Recently, some studies are dealing with new advances regarding ENN B. This review summarizes the information on biochemical and biological activity of ENN B, focusing on toxicological aspects and on the latest advances in research on ENN B.
منابع مشابه
In vitro metabolism of the mycotoxin enniatin B in different species and CYP P 450 enzyme phenotyping by chemical inhibitors
متن کامل
Chronic Dietary Intake of Enniatin B in Broiler Chickens Has Low Impact on Intestinal Morphometry and Hepatic Histology, and Shows Limited Transfer to Liver Tissue
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متن کاملIn vitro metabolism of the mycotoxin enniatin B in different species and cytochrome p450 enzyme phenotyping by chemical inhibitors.
Enniatins are cyclic hexapeptidic mycotoxins produced by fungi growing on field grains, especially in wet climates. They show considerable resistance to food and feed processing technologies and might cause intoxication of humans and animals. Enniatins are also under exploration as anticancer drugs. The observed difference of in vitro and in vivo toxicities suggests low absorption or fast elimi...
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عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2017